The Department of Biotechnology-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, or DBT-NIAB, has achieved a groundbreaking feat in the field of genomics. This team of dedicated scientists has successfully decoded the genome of indigenous cattle, marking a significant advancement in animal biotechnology.
This achievement is not the first genome decoding for cattle, but it is the first reference-grade whole genome 'de novo' assembly for any indigenous breed. While the genome sequence of western/exotic 'Brahman' cattle has been available for 14 years, the focus on indigenous breeds is novel and crucial.
Indigenous cattle are uniquely resilient to diseases, drought, and heat, possessing traits that set them apart from their western counterparts. This genetic diversity is crucial for developing cattle that can thrive in varied environmental conditions.
The reference genome assembled by the DBT-NIAB scientists will be instrumental in identifying the genes responsible for these unique traits. This knowledge is expected to enhance the genetic potential of indigenous cattle, aiding in the development of more resilient breeds.
The genomes of Sahiwal and Tharparkar breeds were meticulously assembled, providing the most comprehensive reference genomes available for cattle species. These assemblies will serve as a cornerstone for future research on indigenous cattle.
This genomic breakthrough enables Indian researchers to rely on indigenous reference genomes rather than those developed for exotic breeds. This advantage will significantly boost research in areas such as breeding, disease resistance, and nutrition.
The ongoing research has also led to the development of innovative tools, such as the 'IndiGau SNP' chip, introduced in 2021. This tool is part of the larger livestock genomics project aimed at improving and conserving indigenous cattle varieties.
The benefits of this genomic advancement extend to several key stakeholders, including the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (DAHD), the Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR), and the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB). These organizations will leverage this knowledge for further advancements in cattle research.
Engage with this exciting development and explore more about the impact of indigenous cattle genomics on SRIRAM’s social media platforms.
Kutos : AI Assistant!
