The Smart Cities Mission, initiated in June 2015, aimed to transform 100 urban centers into benchmarks of sustainable and efficient urbanization. The focus was on integrating technology-driven infrastructure, enhancing citizen services, and promoting area-based development.
Despite its ambitious goals, the mission encountered significant hurdles. The framework emphasized the Internet of Things (IoT), a strategy more suited for developed economies. In contrast, India still grapples with basic urban infrastructure challenges, such as reliable water supply, sanitation, and effective solid waste management.
Governance models shifted to Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs), which functioned similarly to private entities under the Companies Act. This change led to the exclusion of local governments, favoring a top-down decision-making process that disregarded public involvement.
In Shimla, a combination of pan-city initiatives and area-based redevelopment projects was proposed. Plans included developing pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, enhancing vehicular mobility through circular roads, and establishing underground parking facilities. Unfortunately, funds were misallocated, with ₹2 crore spent on flowerpots while crucial redevelopment projects in areas like Lower Bazar, Ganj Bazar, and Krishnanagar were overlooked.
Out of the ₹2,005 crore allocated for the mission, only 24% has been utilized effectively. The Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model, envisioned as a primary funding mechanism, has not been successfully implemented as intended.
Most projects under the mission failed to achieve their intended outcomes. Rather than resolving issues such as traffic congestion, affordable housing, or water security, resources were diverted to less critical areas. Additionally, oversized and impractical constructions, including non-operational escalators, have obstructed the valley views in Shimla.
This initiative underscores the necessity for enhanced urban governance, increased accountability, and greater public participation. It is clear that without addressing fundamental urban infrastructure needs, high-tech solutions are likely to falter.
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