The Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) recently announced in its Annual Ground Water Quality Report for 2025 that Andhra Pradesh is experiencing significant groundwater contamination according to BIS standards. This alarming situation highlights the need for immediate attention and action.
The CGWB is a multidisciplinary scientific organization operating under the Department of Water Resources, River Development, and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India. Established in 1970, it was formed by renaming the Exploratory Tube Wells Organization. In 1972, it merged with the Ground Water Wing of the Geological Survey of India, becoming the National Apex Agency responsible for the management, exploration, monitoring, assessment, augmentation, and regulation of groundwater resources in the country.
The CGWB's primary mandate is to develop and disseminate technologies while monitoring and implementing national policies for the sustainable development and management of India's groundwater resources. This comprehensive approach is crucial for addressing the challenges faced by groundwater systems.
The CGWB is led by a Chairman and comprises five members. It includes a diverse team of professionals such as hydrogeologists, geophysicists, chemists, hydrologists, hydrometeorologists, and engineers. The organization is structured into four main wings:
The headquarters is located at Bhujal Bhawan, Faridabad, Haryana.
The CGWB engages in several key activities to manage and safeguard groundwater resources effectively:
Q1. What is the role of the Central Ground Water Board?
Answer: The Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) oversees the management, monitoring, and regulation of groundwater resources in India, ensuring sustainable development and scientific input for water management.
Q2. Why is groundwater contamination a concern in Andhra Pradesh?
Answer: Groundwater contamination in Andhra Pradesh poses risks to public health and the environment, as highlighted in the CGWB's 2025 report, emphasizing the need for urgent remediation efforts.
Q3. What initiatives does the CGWB undertake for groundwater management?
Answer: The CGWB implements initiatives such as National Aquifer Mapping, groundwater monitoring, and research and development to sustainably manage and conserve groundwater resources.
Q4. How does the CGWB monitor groundwater quality?
Answer: The CGWB monitors groundwater quality through a network of observation wells, conducting periodic assessments and disseminating data for informed decision-making.
Q5. What technologies does the CGWB use for groundwater exploration?
Answer: The CGWB employs geophysical surveys, GIS, and remote sensing technologies to explore and delineate groundwater-bearing zones and assess aquifer potential.
Question 1: What is the primary function of the Central Ground Water Board?
A) To regulate surface water resources
B) To manage and regulate groundwater resources
C) To monitor air quality
D) To oversee irrigation projects
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: When was the Central Ground Water Board established?
A) 1970
B) 1980
C) 1990
D) 2000
Correct Answer: A
Question 3: Which of the following is NOT a wing of the CGWB?
A) Sustainable Management & Liaison
B) Aquifer Exploration
C) Exploratory Drilling & Materials Management
D) Water Quality & Training and Technology Transfer
Correct Answer: B
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