The sex ratio at birth in India has witnessed a concerning decline across 13 states and Union Territories (UTs) over the past three years, according to a recent report from the Centre in response to inquiries in the Lok Sabha. This trend is evident in states like Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Chandigarh.
The decreasing sex ratio at birth is a stark indicator of a deeply rooted societal preference for male children, showcasing a significant bias against female children. This cultural mindset often views girls as a burden, underscoring the persistent gender inequality within the country.
Initiated by PM Narendra Modi in 2015, the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao campaign aimed to correct the skewed sex ratio. Initially, it appeared to yield positive results and reduce the gender gap at birth. However, the recent downturn in the sex ratio suggests that the campaign has faced significant setbacks in its execution.
Despite ongoing efforts, some individuals continue to engage in female foeticide, utilizing small ultrasound devices that evade detection for sex determination of unborn children. These clandestine practices pose considerable challenges for law enforcement agencies tasked with preventing such actions.
Female infanticide, the act of killing female infants post-birth due to the preference for male children, remains a grave concern. Recent incidents reported from states like Haryana and Maharashtra have drawn attention to this tragic reality, emphasizing the cultural preference for boys and its dire consequences on girl children.
The ongoing preference for boys perpetuates gender discrimination and inequality, leading to an imbalanced sex ratio. This demographic distortion can result in long-term societal issues, including increased violence and social unrest.
While the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao initiative seeks to tackle these issues, stronger enforcement of laws against sex determination and female foeticide is crucial. Additionally, public awareness campaigns and educational efforts are essential to alter societal mindsets and promote gender equality.
Transforming entrenched patriarchal attitudes necessitates sustained efforts from all societal sectors, including government bodies, communities, and individuals. Promoting gender equality, empowering women, and addressing the root causes of gender bias are critical steps towards achieving lasting change.
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