Consider the following statements:
1. Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and wise use of wetlands.
2. Every Ramsar Site is designated as a protected area under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
3. Tamil Nadu has the highest number of Ramsar Sites, followed by Uttar Pradesh.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1,2 and 3
Explanation Statement 1 is correct: The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and wise use of wetlands. The Ramsar Convention is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, located along the Caspian Sea, where the treaty was signed on February 2, 1971. India became a signatory on February 1, 1982. Between 1982 and 2013, 26 sites were designated as Ramsar sites in the country, while from 2014 to 2022, an additional 49 wetlands were added to the list. The Convention defines the 'wise use' of wetlands as maintaining their ecological integrity through ecosystem-based approaches within the framework of sustainable development.
Statement 2 is not correct: Not all Ramsar Sites in India are designated as protected areas under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. While the Ramsar designation enhances conservation efforts and provides legal backing against encroachments, it does not automatically confer protection under this Act. The level of protection and conservation measures may vary depending on the specific site and local regulations.
Statement 3 is correct: Tamil Nadu has 20 Ramsar Sites, making it the state with the highest number, followed by Uttar Pradesh with 10 Ramsar Sites.
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