Agriculture

Choose the Correct Answer

Correct Answer : Option b

Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems” (GIAHS) are outstanding landscapes of aesthetic beauty that combine agricultural biodiversity, resilient ecosystems and a valuable cultural heritage. Located in specific sites around the world, they sustainably provide multiple goods and services, food and livelihood security for millions of small-scale farmers.

Statement 2 is correct: 16 years ago FAO launched the GIAHS Programme. Aiming to strike a balance between conservation, sustainable adaptation and socioeconomic development, the GIAHS Programme helps identify ways to mitigate the threats faced from farmers as well as enhance the benefits derived by these systems.

Statement 3 is not correct: There is no recognition of an Oil Palm Agroforestry System as a GIAHS. However, in 2024, the Salak Agroforestry System in Indonesia was recognized as Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) for its zero-waste farming approach. The Salak Agroforestry System in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia, has been recognized as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS). Situated in the driest region of Bali, this agroforestry system integrates the cultivation of salak—also known as snake fruit due to its scaly peel—with a diverse range of crops. Developed by the Indigenous Balinese People using the traditional subak water management system, it enhances biodiversity, conserves water, sequesters carbon, and ensures food security while preserving cultural heritage and supporting local livelihoods. Every part of the salak palm is utilized, making it a zero-waste crop, thereby promoting sustainability and resource efficiency. Additionally, the system intercrops salak with mangoes, bananas, and medicinal plants, creating a rich, biodiverse agricultural landscape.