With reference to the Kyoto Protocol, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a global agreement to phase out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS).
2. The Green Climate Fund was created to finance this agreement.
3. The concept of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) was introduced under this agreement to reduce national emissions.

Select the correct answer by using code given below:
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Question

With reference to the Kyoto Protocol, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a global agreement to phase out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS).
2. The Green Climate Fund was created to finance this agreement.
3. The concept of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) was introduced under this agreement to reduce national emissions.

Select the correct answer by using code given below:
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

ONLiNE UPSC · Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is not correct: The Kyoto Protocol (1997) is focused on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, not ozone-depleting substances. The Montreal Protocol (1987) deals with ODS.

Statement 2 is not correct: The Green Climate Fund (GCF) was established under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) during the Cancun Agreement (COP16) in 2010, not under the Kyoto Protocol.

Statement 3 is not correct: The concept of NDCs was introduced under the Paris Agreement (2015), not the Kyoto Protocol. Kyoto had legally binding emission targets for developed countries but did not include NDCs.

Kyoto Protocol

Key features and objectives

Website Link

Test Your Knowledge

Student Resources


M Question 1	⏱ 0
With reference to the Kyoto Protocol, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. It is a global agreement to phase out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS). 2. The Green Climate Fund was created to finance this agreement. 3. The concept of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) was introduced under this agreement to reduce national emissions. Select the correct answer by using code given below: (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None